DANSEUSES BON-ODORI
O-Bon (お盆) ou simplement Bon (盆, sans le préfixe honorifique) ou Urabon est un festival bouddhiste japonais honorant les esprits des ancêtres. O-Bon existe depuis plus de 500 ans et fut importé de Chine où elle est appelée fête des fantômes. Au fil des ans, cette fête religieuse s'est transformée en réunion de famille durant laquelle les gens des grandes villes retournent à leur ville natale et s'occupent des tombes de leurs ancêtres. Un festival de danse, le Bon-Odori ou danse Bon, est traditionnellement donné pendant ces trois jours. Ces jours ne sont pas fériés mais de nombreux japonais prennent des jours de vacances durant cette période et certaines entreprises ferment.
Bon Odori
Bon Odori (盆踊り, littéralement la danse du bon) est une danse traditionnelle associée à un festival, dont l'origine remonte à l'époque Muromachi. Son style est variable dans les différentes régions du Japon. C'est l'un des points forts de la fête de O-Bon. Le Bon Odori a lieu pour se rappeler la reconnaissance due aux ancêtres.
Originellement le Bon Odori était une danse folklorique Nenbutsu destinée à réconforter les esprits des défunts. Le style de cette danse varie d'une région à l'autre. Les différentes préfectures ont souvent des danses particulières du Bon Odori et leur musique propre allant avec. Le Bon Odori de la préfecture d'Okayama est complètement différent de celui de la préfecture de Kanagawa. La musique varie aussi de la musique classique à de la musique traditionnelle japonaise comme le makkō ondo en passant par des chansons récentes et même étrangères.
Cette tradition est censée avoir débuté vers la fin de la période Muromachi dans le but de divertir le peuple. Le temps passant, la signification religieuse a peu à peu disparu et la danse a été associée avec l'été.
Le plus souvent la danse a lieu dans un temple, sur les rives d'une rivière ou de la mer, ou dans un lieu public quelconque. Les gens forment généralement une ronde autour d'un petit bâtiment de bois nommé yagura et monté spécialement pour l'occasion. Dans la préfecture d'Okinawa, on danse l'eisa, dont le rythme est à base de percussions, à la place du Bon Odori.
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Obon (お盆) or just Bon (盆) is a Japanese Buddhist custom to honor the spirits of one's ancestors. This Buddhist-Confucian custom has evolved into a family reunion holiday during which people return to ancestral family places and visit and clean their ancestors' graves, and when the spirits of ancestors are supposed to revisit the household altars. It has been celebrated in Japan for more than 500 years and traditionally includes a dance, known as Bon-Odori. The festival of Obon lasts for three days; however its starting date varies within different regions of Japan. When the lunar calendar was changed to the Gregorian calendar at the beginning of the Meiji era, the localities in Japan reacted differently and this resulted in three different times of Obon. "Shichigatsu Bon" (Bon in July) is based on the solar calendar and is celebrated around 15 July in eastern Japan (Kantō region such as Tokyo, Yokohama and the Tohoku region), coinciding with Chūgen. "Hachigatsu Bon" (Bon in August) is based on the lunar calendar, is celebrated around the 15th of August and is the most commonly celebrated time. "Kyu Bon" (Old Bon) is celebrated on the 15th day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, and so differs each year. "Kyu Bon" is celebrated in areas like the northern part of the Kantō region, Chūgoku region, Shikoku, and the Okinawa Prefecture. These three days are not listed as public holidays but it is customary that people are given leave.
Bon Odori
Bon Odori (盆踊り), meaning simply Bon dance is a style of dancing performed during Obon. Originally a Nenbutsu folk dance to welcome the spirits of the dead, the style of celebration varies in many aspects from region to region. Each region has a local dance, as well as different music. The music can be songs specifically pertinent to the spiritual message of Obon, or local min'yo folk songs. Consequently, the Bon dance will look and sound different from region to region. Hokkaidō is known for a folk-song known as "Soran Bushi." The song "Tokyo Ondo" takes its namesake from the capital of Japan. "Gujo Odori" in Gujō, Gifu prefecture is famous for all night dancing. "Gōshū Ondo" is a folk song from Shiga prefecture. Residents of the Kansai area will recognize the famous "Kawachi ondo." Tokushima in Shikoku is very famous for its "Awa Odori," or "fool's dance," and in the far south, one can hear the "Ohara Bushi" of Kagoshima.
The way in which the dance is performed is also different in each region, though the typical Bon dance involves people lining up in a circle around a high wooden scaffold made especially for the festival called a yagura. The yagura is usually also the bandstand for the musicians and singers of the Obon music. Some dances proceed clockwise, and some dances proceed counter-clockwise around the yagura. Some dances reverse during the dance, though most do not. At times, people face the yagura and move towards and away from it. Still some dances, such as the Kagoshima Ohara dance, and the Tokushima Awa Odori, simply proceed in a straight line through the streets of the town.
The dance of a region can depict the area's history and specialization. For example, the movements of the dance of the Tankō Bushi (the "coal mining song") of old Miike Mine in Kyushu show the movements of miners, i.e. digging, cart pushing, lantern hanging, etc. All dancers perform the same dance sequence in unison.
There are other ways in which a regional Bon dance can vary. Some dances involve the use of different kinds of fans, others involve the use of small towels called tenugui which may have colorful designs. Some require the use of small wooden clappers, or "kachi-kachi" during the dance. The "Hanagasa Odori" of Yamagata is performed with a straw hat that has been decorated with flowers.
The music that is played during the Bon dance is not limited to Obon music and min'yo; some modern enka hits and kids' tunes written to the beat of the "ondo" are also used to dance to during Obon season.
The Bon dance tradition is said to have started in the later years of the Muromachi period as a public entertainment. In the course of time, the original religious meaning has faded, and the dance has become associated with summer.
The Bon dance performed in the Okinawa Islands is known as eisā. Similarly, the Yaeyama Islands have Angama.
Bon Odori
Bon Odori (盆踊り, littéralement la danse du bon) est une danse traditionnelle associée à un festival, dont l'origine remonte à l'époque Muromachi. Son style est variable dans les différentes régions du Japon. C'est l'un des points forts de la fête de O-Bon. Le Bon Odori a lieu pour se rappeler la reconnaissance due aux ancêtres.
Originellement le Bon Odori était une danse folklorique Nenbutsu destinée à réconforter les esprits des défunts. Le style de cette danse varie d'une région à l'autre. Les différentes préfectures ont souvent des danses particulières du Bon Odori et leur musique propre allant avec. Le Bon Odori de la préfecture d'Okayama est complètement différent de celui de la préfecture de Kanagawa. La musique varie aussi de la musique classique à de la musique traditionnelle japonaise comme le makkō ondo en passant par des chansons récentes et même étrangères.
Cette tradition est censée avoir débuté vers la fin de la période Muromachi dans le but de divertir le peuple. Le temps passant, la signification religieuse a peu à peu disparu et la danse a été associée avec l'été.
Le plus souvent la danse a lieu dans un temple, sur les rives d'une rivière ou de la mer, ou dans un lieu public quelconque. Les gens forment généralement une ronde autour d'un petit bâtiment de bois nommé yagura et monté spécialement pour l'occasion. Dans la préfecture d'Okinawa, on danse l'eisa, dont le rythme est à base de percussions, à la place du Bon Odori.
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Obon (お盆) or just Bon (盆) is a Japanese Buddhist custom to honor the spirits of one's ancestors. This Buddhist-Confucian custom has evolved into a family reunion holiday during which people return to ancestral family places and visit and clean their ancestors' graves, and when the spirits of ancestors are supposed to revisit the household altars. It has been celebrated in Japan for more than 500 years and traditionally includes a dance, known as Bon-Odori. The festival of Obon lasts for three days; however its starting date varies within different regions of Japan. When the lunar calendar was changed to the Gregorian calendar at the beginning of the Meiji era, the localities in Japan reacted differently and this resulted in three different times of Obon. "Shichigatsu Bon" (Bon in July) is based on the solar calendar and is celebrated around 15 July in eastern Japan (Kantō region such as Tokyo, Yokohama and the Tohoku region), coinciding with Chūgen. "Hachigatsu Bon" (Bon in August) is based on the lunar calendar, is celebrated around the 15th of August and is the most commonly celebrated time. "Kyu Bon" (Old Bon) is celebrated on the 15th day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, and so differs each year. "Kyu Bon" is celebrated in areas like the northern part of the Kantō region, Chūgoku region, Shikoku, and the Okinawa Prefecture. These three days are not listed as public holidays but it is customary that people are given leave.
Bon Odori
Bon Odori (盆踊り), meaning simply Bon dance is a style of dancing performed during Obon. Originally a Nenbutsu folk dance to welcome the spirits of the dead, the style of celebration varies in many aspects from region to region. Each region has a local dance, as well as different music. The music can be songs specifically pertinent to the spiritual message of Obon, or local min'yo folk songs. Consequently, the Bon dance will look and sound different from region to region. Hokkaidō is known for a folk-song known as "Soran Bushi." The song "Tokyo Ondo" takes its namesake from the capital of Japan. "Gujo Odori" in Gujō, Gifu prefecture is famous for all night dancing. "Gōshū Ondo" is a folk song from Shiga prefecture. Residents of the Kansai area will recognize the famous "Kawachi ondo." Tokushima in Shikoku is very famous for its "Awa Odori," or "fool's dance," and in the far south, one can hear the "Ohara Bushi" of Kagoshima.
The way in which the dance is performed is also different in each region, though the typical Bon dance involves people lining up in a circle around a high wooden scaffold made especially for the festival called a yagura. The yagura is usually also the bandstand for the musicians and singers of the Obon music. Some dances proceed clockwise, and some dances proceed counter-clockwise around the yagura. Some dances reverse during the dance, though most do not. At times, people face the yagura and move towards and away from it. Still some dances, such as the Kagoshima Ohara dance, and the Tokushima Awa Odori, simply proceed in a straight line through the streets of the town.
The dance of a region can depict the area's history and specialization. For example, the movements of the dance of the Tankō Bushi (the "coal mining song") of old Miike Mine in Kyushu show the movements of miners, i.e. digging, cart pushing, lantern hanging, etc. All dancers perform the same dance sequence in unison.
There are other ways in which a regional Bon dance can vary. Some dances involve the use of different kinds of fans, others involve the use of small towels called tenugui which may have colorful designs. Some require the use of small wooden clappers, or "kachi-kachi" during the dance. The "Hanagasa Odori" of Yamagata is performed with a straw hat that has been decorated with flowers.
The music that is played during the Bon dance is not limited to Obon music and min'yo; some modern enka hits and kids' tunes written to the beat of the "ondo" are also used to dance to during Obon season.
The Bon dance tradition is said to have started in the later years of the Muromachi period as a public entertainment. In the course of time, the original religious meaning has faded, and the dance has become associated with summer.
The Bon dance performed in the Okinawa Islands is known as eisā. Similarly, the Yaeyama Islands have Angama.