ARGIOPE TRIFASCIATA - (FORSSKAL, 1775)
Règne > Animalia ; Embranchement > Arthropoda ; Sous-embranchement > Chelicerata ; Classe > Arachnida ; Ordre > Araneae ; Sous-ordre > Araneomorphae ; Famille > Araneidae ; Genre > Argiope
Argiope trifasciata est une espèce d'araignées aranéomorphes de la famille des Araneidae. Les Araneomorphae sont un sous-ordre d'araignées, il rassemblent près de 39 000 espèces (93,5 % des espèces d'araignées décrites) et 93 familles sur 109.
Description
L'Argiope trifasciata comme tous les membres de cette famille d'araignée présente un dimorphisme sexuel important. Cette araignée occupe dans le reste du monde la place qu'Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli, 1772) à en Europe avec laquelle elle peut être facilement confondue.
Distribution
Cette espèce se rencontre en Amérique, en Afrique, en Asie et en Océanie. Elle est présente en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Liste des sous-espèces
Argiope trifasciata trifasciata (Forsskål, 1775)
Argiope trifasciata deserticola (Simon, 1906) du Soudan
Argiope trifasciata kauaiensis (Simon, 1900) d'Hawaï
Synonymes
Aranea trifasciata (Forsskål, 1775)
Aranea fastuosa (Olivier, 1789)
Aranea aurelia (Audouin, 1826)
Epeira webbii (Lucas, 1838)
Epeira nephoda (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira latreilla (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira mauricia (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira argyraspides (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira fasciata (Hentz, 1847)
Epeira flavipes (Nicolet, 1849)
Argiope avara (Thorell, 1859)
Argiope plana (L. Koch, 1867)
Argiope sticticalis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876)
Argyopes indecissa (Holmberg, 1876)
Argyopes hentzi (Thorell, 1878)
Argyopes transversa (Emerton, 1884)
Argyopes argyraspis (McCook, 1894)
Argyopes simplex (Badcock, 1932)
Argyopes abalosi (Mello-Leitão, 1942)
Argyopes seminola (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944)
Argyopes stenogastra (Mello-Leitão, 1945)
Brachygea platycephala (Caporiacco, 1947)
Argyopes pradhani (Sinha, 1952)
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Description
Total of eight eyes. The median eyes are grouped together in a trapezoid shape, while the lateral eyes are some distance away.
Legs long; first two pairs of legs directed forward at rest in web, hind two pairs directed backwards. In female: legs banded in black and brown, or black and yellow, their entire length. In adult males, legs solid light brown or yellow. Each tarsus (tip of leg) has 3 claws.
Abdomen oval, distinctly pointed toward rear. Female’s abdomen mostly white or yellow with many thin black traverse lines/grooves. Adult male’s abdomen mostly white or silver with some shimmery gold highlights. Carapace of both genders silver or white. Adult male much, much smaller than adult female. Body length (excluding legs) of adult female ranges from 10-26 mm; adult males range from 4-6 mm.
Habitat
Prefers open fields, prairies, and more arid habitats than other Argiope species.
Web
Large, vertical, orb-shaped web is usually built close to the ground amid tangled grasses, weeds, and other vegetation. The main orb made by adult spiders can be 2 feet across or more. Web may be decorated with a loose, zigzag band of silk called a stabilimentum. Spider occupies hub (center) of web, hanging head down. The web is usually eaten and rebuilt every day, with the exceptions of the periods around molting and egg-laying.
Food
Prey is insects that jump or fly and are intercepted by the web.
Lifecycle
An annual species, males die not too long after mating and females become weak and die at the end of autumn. Egg sacs are laid by female in autumn. Egg sac is about 10-18mm in length and shaped like a kettledrum, flat on one surface and rounded on the other; covered in tough, brown, papery silk and suspended amid tangled vegetation at periphery of web. Females can lay more than one egg sac, sometimes three or four. Each sac can contain almost 1,000 yellowish eggs. Spiders “hatch” from their eggs mid-winter but do not emerge from the safety of the egg sac until the following spring.
Etymology
Argiope is Latin for “with bright face or silver-face”
Argiope trifasciata est une espèce d'araignées aranéomorphes de la famille des Araneidae. Les Araneomorphae sont un sous-ordre d'araignées, il rassemblent près de 39 000 espèces (93,5 % des espèces d'araignées décrites) et 93 familles sur 109.
Description
L'Argiope trifasciata comme tous les membres de cette famille d'araignée présente un dimorphisme sexuel important. Cette araignée occupe dans le reste du monde la place qu'Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli, 1772) à en Europe avec laquelle elle peut être facilement confondue.
Distribution
Cette espèce se rencontre en Amérique, en Afrique, en Asie et en Océanie. Elle est présente en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Liste des sous-espèces
Argiope trifasciata trifasciata (Forsskål, 1775)
Argiope trifasciata deserticola (Simon, 1906) du Soudan
Argiope trifasciata kauaiensis (Simon, 1900) d'Hawaï
Synonymes
Aranea trifasciata (Forsskål, 1775)
Aranea fastuosa (Olivier, 1789)
Aranea aurelia (Audouin, 1826)
Epeira webbii (Lucas, 1838)
Epeira nephoda (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira latreilla (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira mauricia (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira argyraspides (Walckenaer, 1841)
Epeira fasciata (Hentz, 1847)
Epeira flavipes (Nicolet, 1849)
Argiope avara (Thorell, 1859)
Argiope plana (L. Koch, 1867)
Argiope sticticalis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876)
Argyopes indecissa (Holmberg, 1876)
Argyopes hentzi (Thorell, 1878)
Argyopes transversa (Emerton, 1884)
Argyopes argyraspis (McCook, 1894)
Argyopes simplex (Badcock, 1932)
Argyopes abalosi (Mello-Leitão, 1942)
Argyopes seminola (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944)
Argyopes stenogastra (Mello-Leitão, 1945)
Brachygea platycephala (Caporiacco, 1947)
Argyopes pradhani (Sinha, 1952)
-------------------------------------------
Description
Total of eight eyes. The median eyes are grouped together in a trapezoid shape, while the lateral eyes are some distance away.
Legs long; first two pairs of legs directed forward at rest in web, hind two pairs directed backwards. In female: legs banded in black and brown, or black and yellow, their entire length. In adult males, legs solid light brown or yellow. Each tarsus (tip of leg) has 3 claws.
Abdomen oval, distinctly pointed toward rear. Female’s abdomen mostly white or yellow with many thin black traverse lines/grooves. Adult male’s abdomen mostly white or silver with some shimmery gold highlights. Carapace of both genders silver or white. Adult male much, much smaller than adult female. Body length (excluding legs) of adult female ranges from 10-26 mm; adult males range from 4-6 mm.
Habitat
Prefers open fields, prairies, and more arid habitats than other Argiope species.
Web
Large, vertical, orb-shaped web is usually built close to the ground amid tangled grasses, weeds, and other vegetation. The main orb made by adult spiders can be 2 feet across or more. Web may be decorated with a loose, zigzag band of silk called a stabilimentum. Spider occupies hub (center) of web, hanging head down. The web is usually eaten and rebuilt every day, with the exceptions of the periods around molting and egg-laying.
Food
Prey is insects that jump or fly and are intercepted by the web.
Lifecycle
An annual species, males die not too long after mating and females become weak and die at the end of autumn. Egg sacs are laid by female in autumn. Egg sac is about 10-18mm in length and shaped like a kettledrum, flat on one surface and rounded on the other; covered in tough, brown, papery silk and suspended amid tangled vegetation at periphery of web. Females can lay more than one egg sac, sometimes three or four. Each sac can contain almost 1,000 yellowish eggs. Spiders “hatch” from their eggs mid-winter but do not emerge from the safety of the egg sac until the following spring.
Etymology
Argiope is Latin for “with bright face or silver-face”
trifasciata is Latin for “three-banded.”
Original description: Aranea trifasciata Petrus Forskål, 1775.
Original description: Aranea trifasciata Petrus Forskål, 1775.