SCARUS FORSTENI - (BLEEKER, 1861)
Actinopterygii (Gigaclass) > Actinopteri (Class) > Teleostei (Subclass) > Labriformes (Order) > Labroidei (Suborder) > Labridae (Family) > Scarus (Genus)
Perroquet mauve, Forsten parrotfish, Forsten's parrotfish, Whitespot parrotfish, Ichimonjibudai, イチモンジブダイ, 福氏鸚哥魚, 綠唇鸚嘴魚,
Étymologie
Scarus : du Latin, scarus = scare, ou poisson de mer (scare est le nom vernaculaire générique des poissons-perroquets). Le mot latin est dérivé du Grec, skaros, de même sens. Les Grecs connaissaient cette famille à travers Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), présent sur leurs côtes, Aristote en décrit les viscères. Le genre a été décrit la première fois par Pehr Forsskål en 1775.
forsteni : nom donné en l'honneur du naturaliste Holandais Eltio Alegondas Forsten (1811-1843).
Description originale : Pseudoscarus forsteni Bleeker, 1861 - Localités types : Sulawesi, Indonésie; îles Moluques, Indonésie.
Synonymes
Callyodon forsteni (Bleeker, 1861)
Callyodon laxtoni (Whitley, 1948)
Pseudoscarus forsteni (Bleeker, 1861)
Scarus forsteri (Bleeker, 1861)
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Description
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 9. Scales large. Median predorsal scales: 6-7; Scale rows on cheek: 3, ventral row with: 2-6 scales (usually: 3-4). Caudal fin slightly to moderately emarginate in initial phase; Deeply lunate in terminal male. Dental plates partially covered by lips. Terminal males and some large initial-phase fish with 1 or 2 canines posteriorly on upper dental plate. Max. length: 55.0 cm TL. Max. published weight: 2.5 kg. Depth range: 3 - 30 m.
Color
Perroquet mauve, Forsten parrotfish, Forsten's parrotfish, Whitespot parrotfish, Ichimonjibudai, イチモンジブダイ, 福氏鸚哥魚, 綠唇鸚嘴魚,
Étymologie
Scarus : du Latin, scarus = scare, ou poisson de mer (scare est le nom vernaculaire générique des poissons-perroquets). Le mot latin est dérivé du Grec, skaros, de même sens. Les Grecs connaissaient cette famille à travers Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), présent sur leurs côtes, Aristote en décrit les viscères. Le genre a été décrit la première fois par Pehr Forsskål en 1775.
forsteni : nom donné en l'honneur du naturaliste Holandais Eltio Alegondas Forsten (1811-1843).
Description originale : Pseudoscarus forsteni Bleeker, 1861 - Localités types : Sulawesi, Indonésie; îles Moluques, Indonésie.
Synonymes
Callyodon forsteni (Bleeker, 1861)
Callyodon laxtoni (Whitley, 1948)
Pseudoscarus forsteni (Bleeker, 1861)
Scarus forsteri (Bleeker, 1861)
--------------------------
Description
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 9. Scales large. Median predorsal scales: 6-7; Scale rows on cheek: 3, ventral row with: 2-6 scales (usually: 3-4). Caudal fin slightly to moderately emarginate in initial phase; Deeply lunate in terminal male. Dental plates partially covered by lips. Terminal males and some large initial-phase fish with 1 or 2 canines posteriorly on upper dental plate. Max. length: 55.0 cm TL. Max. published weight: 2.5 kg. Depth range: 3 - 30 m.
Color
- Very small juveniles (less than 25mm) are off white to pale brown, with 4 brown stripes and pale dots in the orbital and pectoral stripes.
- Juveniles larger than 25 mm are pale brown, with or without stripes, and a single prominent pale dot often present near the tip of the pectoral fin.
- Initial phase: reddish-brown body. There is a blue-green zone that extends from the eye to the middle of the body. A white spot near the tip of the pectoral fin gives this fish its name. The emarginate caudal fin is reddish-brown.
- Terminal phase: green body with scales edged in pink. The head is purple and the lips are blueish, with a blue stripe extending from the mouth to below the eye. The dental plates (teeth) are blue-green. The pectoral fin is green and purple. The blue-green caudal fin is lunate.
Etymology
Scarus: from Latin, scarus = scare, or sea fish (scare is the generic vernacular name for parrot-fishes). The Latin word is derived from Greek, skaros, same meaning as Latin word. The Greek knew this family throug Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), reported from their coasts, Aristote described the viscus. The genus has been described for the first time by Pehr Forsskål in 1775.
forsteni: in honor of Dutch naturalist Eltio Alegondas Forsten (1811-1843).
Original description: Pseudoscarus forsteni Bleeker, 1861 - Type localities: Sulawesi, Indonesia; Molucca Islands, Indonesia.
Distribution
Southeastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Christmas Island (Indian Ocean); eastern Indonesia east to Caroline Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands (Japan), south to northern Australia and New Caledonia.
Biology
Often found on exposed outer lagoon and seaward reefs, usually in rich coral habitats. Generally solitary. Feeds on benthic algae. In Hong Kong live fish markets. Scarus forsteni is a protogynous hermaphrodite, and females may change sex to become males during their life cycle.
Similar species
Scarus ghobban (Fabricius, 1775) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here).
Scarus tricolor (Bleeker, 1847) - Reported from New Caledonia - Terminal phase males of Scarus tricolor, differ mostly in having a yellow blotch on the inner pectoral-fin axil. Markings on the head and fins also help distinguish Terminal phase males of these two species.
Scarus: from Latin, scarus = scare, or sea fish (scare is the generic vernacular name for parrot-fishes). The Latin word is derived from Greek, skaros, same meaning as Latin word. The Greek knew this family throug Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), reported from their coasts, Aristote described the viscus. The genus has been described for the first time by Pehr Forsskål in 1775.
forsteni: in honor of Dutch naturalist Eltio Alegondas Forsten (1811-1843).
Original description: Pseudoscarus forsteni Bleeker, 1861 - Type localities: Sulawesi, Indonesia; Molucca Islands, Indonesia.
Distribution
Southeastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Christmas Island (Indian Ocean); eastern Indonesia east to Caroline Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands (Japan), south to northern Australia and New Caledonia.
Biology
Often found on exposed outer lagoon and seaward reefs, usually in rich coral habitats. Generally solitary. Feeds on benthic algae. In Hong Kong live fish markets. Scarus forsteni is a protogynous hermaphrodite, and females may change sex to become males during their life cycle.
Similar species
Scarus ghobban (Fabricius, 1775) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here).
Scarus tricolor (Bleeker, 1847) - Reported from New Caledonia - Terminal phase males of Scarus tricolor, differ mostly in having a yellow blotch on the inner pectoral-fin axil. Markings on the head and fins also help distinguish Terminal phase males of these two species.
Last update: 10, December 2022