HERKLOTSICHTHYS QUADRIMACULATUS - (RUPPELL, 1837)
Picture courtesy of: Alain Daoulas
Actinopterygii (Gigaclass) > Actinopteri (Class) > Teleostei (Subclass) > Clupeiformes (Order) > Clupeoidei (Suborder) > Dorosomatidae (Family) > Herklotsichthys (Genus)
Hareng à bande bleue, Sardine à tache orange, Sardine blanche, Goldspot herring, Bluestripe herring, Fourspot herring, Gold-spot herring, Murray Island sardine, Oily herring, Small-spotted herring, Bloulintharing, Sardinha banda azul, Aranque banda azul, Mizun, ミズン, 四点青鳞, 蓝带似青鳞鱼, Cá Trích,
Synonymes
Alausa schrammi (Bleeker, 1849)
Alausa schrammii (Bleeker, 1849)
Clupea dubia (Bleeker, 1872)
Clupea harengula dubia (Bleeker, 1872)
Clupea mauritiana (Bennett, 1833)
Clupea mizun (Kishinouye, 1908)
Clupea moluccensis (Bleeker, 1853)
Clupea quadrimaculata (Rüppell, 1837)
Clupea rechingeri (Steindachner, 1906)
Clupea schrammi (Bleeker, 1849)
Clupea stereolepis (Ogilby, 1898)
Clupeonia fasciata (Valenciennes, 1847)
Harengula bipunctata (Valenciennes, 1847)
Harengula kunzei (Bleeker, 1856)
Harengula moluccensis (Bleeker, 1853)
Harengula schrammi (Bleeker, 1849)
Harengula stereolepis (Ogilby, 1898
Herklostichthys quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837)
Herklotsich quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837)
Meletta obtusirostris (Valenciennes, 1847)
Meletta venenosa (Valenciennes, 1847)
Sardinella lineolata (Valenciennes, 1847)
Sardinella mizun (Kishinouye, 1908)
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Description
Dorsal soft rays (total): 16-23 (usually: 17-20); Anal soft rays: 15-21 (usually: 17-19); Pectoral fin rays: 15-16; Body slender, depth of body: 3.3-5.5 in SL; Eye: 2.3-3.7 in HL; Longitudinal scale series: 38-45; Sharp belly with keeled scutes, 16-19 pre-pelvic and 12-14 post-pelvic scutes; Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch: 30-37. Presence of two fleshy outgrowths on the hind margin of the gill opening. Wing-shaped median predorsal scales hidden under the normal paired and overlapping median scales; Scales toothed posteriorly. Max. length: 15.0 cm SL, common length: 10.0 cm SL. Depth range: 0 - 13 m.
Color
Silvery body with a bluish-green back becoming silvery on the sides and below, with two orange-yellow spots, one above the other just behind the gill cover.
Etymology
Herklotsichthys: in honnor of Fowler’s friend, botanist and ornithologist Geoffrey Alton Craig Herklots (1902-1986), reader in biology at the University of Hong Kong from 1928 to 1941, “with many fond memories of the China Sea and Java” + from Greek, ichthys = fish.
quadrimaculatus: from Latin, quadri- = four (number) + from Latin, maculatus = stain, make spotted. Referring to orange spots, two at edge of each gill opening.
Original description: Clupea quadrimaculata Rüppell, 1837 - Type locality: Bay of Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea.
Distribution
Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra, Seychelles, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Philippines, Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia at 21°38'S, Queensland (Australia) south to 16°35'S, and New Caledonia; Introduced in Hawaiian Islands.
Biology
Adults form schools near mangroves, shallow coastal bays and lagoons during the day and moves further offshore into deeper water by night. Feeds on zooplankton, mainly at night, chiefly copepods in juvenile stages, but larger prey as adults (chaetognaths, polychaetes, shrimps and small fishes). Oviparous. Breeds during its first year and probably survives only a few months after maturity. Fished throughout much of its range. Marketed fresh and dried salted.
Last update: 25, May 2022
Actinopterygii (Gigaclass) > Actinopteri (Class) > Teleostei (Subclass) > Clupeiformes (Order) > Clupeoidei (Suborder) > Dorosomatidae (Family) > Herklotsichthys (Genus)
Hareng à bande bleue, Sardine à tache orange, Sardine blanche, Goldspot herring, Bluestripe herring, Fourspot herring, Gold-spot herring, Murray Island sardine, Oily herring, Small-spotted herring, Bloulintharing, Sardinha banda azul, Aranque banda azul, Mizun, ミズン, 四点青鳞, 蓝带似青鳞鱼, Cá Trích,
Synonymes
Alausa schrammi (Bleeker, 1849)
Alausa schrammii (Bleeker, 1849)
Clupea dubia (Bleeker, 1872)
Clupea harengula dubia (Bleeker, 1872)
Clupea mauritiana (Bennett, 1833)
Clupea mizun (Kishinouye, 1908)
Clupea moluccensis (Bleeker, 1853)
Clupea quadrimaculata (Rüppell, 1837)
Clupea rechingeri (Steindachner, 1906)
Clupea schrammi (Bleeker, 1849)
Clupea stereolepis (Ogilby, 1898)
Clupeonia fasciata (Valenciennes, 1847)
Harengula bipunctata (Valenciennes, 1847)
Harengula kunzei (Bleeker, 1856)
Harengula moluccensis (Bleeker, 1853)
Harengula schrammi (Bleeker, 1849)
Harengula stereolepis (Ogilby, 1898
Herklostichthys quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837)
Herklotsich quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837)
Meletta obtusirostris (Valenciennes, 1847)
Meletta venenosa (Valenciennes, 1847)
Sardinella lineolata (Valenciennes, 1847)
Sardinella mizun (Kishinouye, 1908)
----------------------------
Description
Dorsal soft rays (total): 16-23 (usually: 17-20); Anal soft rays: 15-21 (usually: 17-19); Pectoral fin rays: 15-16; Body slender, depth of body: 3.3-5.5 in SL; Eye: 2.3-3.7 in HL; Longitudinal scale series: 38-45; Sharp belly with keeled scutes, 16-19 pre-pelvic and 12-14 post-pelvic scutes; Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch: 30-37. Presence of two fleshy outgrowths on the hind margin of the gill opening. Wing-shaped median predorsal scales hidden under the normal paired and overlapping median scales; Scales toothed posteriorly. Max. length: 15.0 cm SL, common length: 10.0 cm SL. Depth range: 0 - 13 m.
Color
Silvery body with a bluish-green back becoming silvery on the sides and below, with two orange-yellow spots, one above the other just behind the gill cover.
Etymology
Herklotsichthys: in honnor of Fowler’s friend, botanist and ornithologist Geoffrey Alton Craig Herklots (1902-1986), reader in biology at the University of Hong Kong from 1928 to 1941, “with many fond memories of the China Sea and Java” + from Greek, ichthys = fish.
quadrimaculatus: from Latin, quadri- = four (number) + from Latin, maculatus = stain, make spotted. Referring to orange spots, two at edge of each gill opening.
Original description: Clupea quadrimaculata Rüppell, 1837 - Type locality: Bay of Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea.
Distribution
Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra, Seychelles, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Philippines, Samoa and Tonga, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Western Australia at 21°38'S, Queensland (Australia) south to 16°35'S, and New Caledonia; Introduced in Hawaiian Islands.
Biology
Adults form schools near mangroves, shallow coastal bays and lagoons during the day and moves further offshore into deeper water by night. Feeds on zooplankton, mainly at night, chiefly copepods in juvenile stages, but larger prey as adults (chaetognaths, polychaetes, shrimps and small fishes). Oviparous. Breeds during its first year and probably survives only a few months after maturity. Fished throughout much of its range. Marketed fresh and dried salted.
Last update: 25, May 2022