DIAGRAMMA PICTUM - (THUNBERG, 1792)
Picture courtesy of: Alain Daoulas
Diagramme peint, Diagramme voilier, Loche castex, Loche casteix, Capitaine-du-port, Gueule pavée, Poisson grosse bouche, Moke, Bluey, Morwong, Blackall, Greysweetlips, Australian slatey, Mother-in-law fish, Painted blubber-lips, Painted sweetlips, Painted sweetlip bream, Sailfin rubberlip, Slate bream, Slate sweetlips, Slatey sweetlips, Smokey bream, Thicklip, Thicklip bream, Trout sweetlips, Yellowdot sweetlips, Seilvin-rubberlip, Greysweetlips, Korodai, コロダイ, 花石鲈, 少棘胡椒鯛, Cá Kẽm hoa, ปลาสร้อยนกเขาจุดทอง,
Description
Épines dorsales (Total) : 9-10; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 21-25; Épines anales : 3; Rayons mous anaux : 7; Rayons nageoires pectorales : 16-17; Branchiospines : (6-8) + (14-15); Ecailles ligne latérale : 59-65; Hauteur du corps adultes : 2.7-3.0 SL; Longueur de la tête adultes : 3.2-3.6 SL. Poisson au corps massif. Le front est bombé. La nageoire dorsale court sur toute la longueur du dos. Taille maximum : 100.0 cm FL; généralement : 55.0 cm TL. Poids maximum publié : 6.3 kg. Profondeur : 1 - 170 m, généralement : 1 - 50 m.
Couleur
Juvénile, présente des bandes longitudinales noires et blanches, avec un ventre jaune et l'avant de sa dorsale érigée en forme de voile. En grandissant les bandes deviennent plus nombreuses et moins larges pour ensuite se rompre et former des gros points noirs puis orangés.
Adulte, gris argenté avec le dos et la caudale tachetés de petits points dorés. Le ventre est zébré de fines lignes obliques. Le museau est gris foncé avec de grosses lèvres.
Grands mâles adultes, corps de couleur grise uniforme sur les côtés dorsal et ventral. Les nageoires sont plus foncées que le corps, la partie postérieure de la nageoire dorsale et la nageoire caudale présentes des taches sombres.
Des cas d'ambicoloration ont été observés dans des spécimens de la mer d'Oman avec des taches gris-noir réparties à la fois sur les côtés dorsal et ventral.
Etymologie
Diagramma : du Latin, diagramma = tracé, diagramme (figure linéaire destinée à faciliter une démonstration).
pictum : du Latin, pingo = peint, coloré comme une peinture, avec des variantes des stries, des motifs avec des couleurs d'intensité inégales.
Description originale : Perca picta Thunberg, 1792 - Localité type : Nagasaki, Japon.
Loches Castex ou loche Casteix : ce nom viendrait d'Emile Castex (1898-1963), armateur et pêcheur issu dune grande famille Calédonienne qui s'attacha à protéger la profession de pêcheur, à organiser la commercialisation des produits de la mer et qui fut à l'origine de la création de la Coopérative des Pêcheurs. Livre "Guide des poissons de Nouvelle-Calédonie" Nouvelle édition 2016 - P. Laboute & R. Grandperrin" P. 313.
Distribution
Pacifique Indo-Ouest : Socotra, Golfe Persique et canal du Mozambique à l'Est, Philippines et Fidji, au Nord, du Sud du Japon et îles Ogasawara, au Sud, partie Sud de l'Indonésie et Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Biologie
Présent en bas des faces externes des récifs à la limite du sable. Solitaire ou en petits groupes, il se tient dans des endroits abrités, sous les tables d'acropore, sous les surplombs ou dans les grottes. Au crépuscule il s'aventure à la recherche de petits invertébrés benthiques. Ce poissons peut provoquer une intoxication alimentaire appelée la ciguatera.
Espèces ressemblantes
Diagramma labiosum (Macleay, 1883) - Présent en Australie et dans le sud de la Nouvelle-Guinée.
Diagramma punctatum (Cuvier, 1830) - Présent uniquement en mer Rouge.
Equetus punctatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Présent dans l'Ouest de l'Atlantique Floride du Sud, Bahamas, Caraïbes, golfe du Mexique et Brésil. L'adulte de cette espèce ressemble aux juvéniles de Diagramma pictum.
Macolor macularis (Fowler, 1931) - Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie - Lien vers l'espèce (ici). Les juvéniles de cette espèce ressemble aux Juvéniles de Diagramma pictum.
Macolor niger (Forsskål, 1775) - Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie - Lien vers l'espèce (ici). Les juvéniles de cette espèce ressemble aux Juvéniles de Diagramma pictum.
Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus (Cuvier, 1830) - Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie - Lien vers l'espèce (ici). Il diffère de Diagramma pictum par la formule des nageoires et par la présence de lignes jaune-orangées sous l'oeil, d'un liseré rouge vif autour de la base de la pectorale et d'un pédoncule caudal court et large.
Plectorhinchus chrysotaenia (Bleeker, 1855) - Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Synonymes
Chaetodon bilineatus (Scopoli, 1788)
Diagramma balteatum (Cuvier, 1830)
Diagramma cinerascens (Rüppell, 1830)
Diagramma picta (Thunberg, 1792)
Diagramma pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
Diagramma thunbergii (Cuvier, 1830)
Holocentrus radjabau (Lacepède, 1802)
Perca pertusa (Thunberg, 1793)
Perca picta (Thunberg, 1792)
Plectorhinchus pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
Plectorhynchus pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
Plectorrhinchus pictum (Thunberg, 1792)
Spilotichthys pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
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Description
Dorsal spines (total): 9-10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21-25; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 7; Pectoral fins: 16-17; Gill rakers: (6-8) + (14-15); Scales lateral-line: 59-65; Body depth of adults: 2.7-3.0 in SL; Head length of adults: 3.2-3.6 in SL. Caudal peduncle slender and long, its length nearly as great as head length; Chin with 6 pores but no median pit; Outer row of teeth in jaws not enlarged; Second dorsal spine longest, the first spine about one-third its length; Dorsal fin without a notch; Caudal fin of juveniles rounded, becoming truncate with age; Scales ctenoid (rough to touch). Lips fleshy, moderately swollen with age. Max length: 100.0 cm FL; common length: 55.0 cm TL. Max. published weight: 6.3 kg. Depth range: 1 - 170 m, usually: 1 - 50 m.
Color
Juveniles: dark brown to black above, divided into 3 or more broad longitudinal stripes by narrower pearl blue interspaces; Silvery yellow below; Dorsal and caudal fins yellow with black patches and broken stripes; Stripes increase with age and break up into small rounded spots before fading on body and sometimes on caudal fin.
Adults: blue-grey with bright yellow to golden orange spots sometimes forming lines on head; Inside mouth bright orange to red; Dorsal fins bordered with black; Anal and pelvic fins tipped with black.
Large male adults: body with a uniform grey color on both dorsal and ventral sides. Fins are darker than body, with the posterior part of the dorsal and the whole caudal fins having dark spots.
Ambicoloration cases were observed in Oman sea specimens with grey-black spots distributed in both dorsal and ventral sides of the lateral, but they found mainly on the dorsal side.
Etymology
Diagramma: from Latin, diagramma = diagram, mark out by lines.
pictum: from Latin, pingo = I paint, having been decorated, painted, portrayed.
Original description: Perca picta Thunberg, 1792 - Type locality: Nagazaki, Japan.
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Socotra, Persian Gulf and Mozambique Channel east to Philippines and Fiji, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to southern Indonesia and New Caledonia.
Biology
Typically found solitary or in groups, often in turbid water, on open muddy, sandy or silty substrates in protected bays or estuaries, around rock outcrops, wreckage and debris. Also in shallow coastal areas and coral reefs. Juveniles are found in weedy areas. Feeds on benthic invertebrates and fishes. Reportedly ciguatoxic in some areas. Marketed fresh and frozen. Distinct pairing during breeding.
Similar species
Diagramma labiosum (Macleay, 1883) - Reported from Northern Australia and southern New Guinea.
Diagramma punctatum (Cuvier, 1830) - Reported from Red Sea endemic.
Equetus punctatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Reported from Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), and Bahamas to the Antilles and Yucatan (Mexico) to Brazil. The adult of this species look like of juveniles of Diagramma pictum.
Macolor macularis (Fowler, 1931) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here). Juveniles of this species look like juveniles of Diagramma pictum.
Macolor niger (Forsskål, 1775) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here). Juveniles of this species look like juveniles of Diagramma pictum.
Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus (Cuvier, 1830) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here). It is grey to brown with numerous yellow to orange spots on the body, dorsal fin and anal fin. Juveniles have orange and grey-blue lines on the head and body that break into spots as a fish ages. The caudal fin usually has a dusky ventral margin.
Synonymes
Chaetodon bilineatus (Scopoli, 1788)
Diagramma balteatum (Cuvier, 1830)
Diagramma cinerascens (Rüppell, 1830)
Diagramma picta (Thunberg, 1792)
Diagramma pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
Diagramma thunbergii (Cuvier, 1830)
Holocentrus radjabau (Lacepède, 1802)
Perca pertusa (Thunberg, 1793)
Perca picta (Thunberg, 1792)
Plectorhinchus pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
Plectorhynchus pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
Plectorrhinchus pictum (Thunberg, 1792)
Spilotichthys pictus (Thunberg, 1792)
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Description
Dorsal spines (total): 9-10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21-25; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 7; Pectoral fins: 16-17; Gill rakers: (6-8) + (14-15); Scales lateral-line: 59-65; Body depth of adults: 2.7-3.0 in SL; Head length of adults: 3.2-3.6 in SL. Caudal peduncle slender and long, its length nearly as great as head length; Chin with 6 pores but no median pit; Outer row of teeth in jaws not enlarged; Second dorsal spine longest, the first spine about one-third its length; Dorsal fin without a notch; Caudal fin of juveniles rounded, becoming truncate with age; Scales ctenoid (rough to touch). Lips fleshy, moderately swollen with age. Max length: 100.0 cm FL; common length: 55.0 cm TL. Max. published weight: 6.3 kg. Depth range: 1 - 170 m, usually: 1 - 50 m.
Color
Juveniles: dark brown to black above, divided into 3 or more broad longitudinal stripes by narrower pearl blue interspaces; Silvery yellow below; Dorsal and caudal fins yellow with black patches and broken stripes; Stripes increase with age and break up into small rounded spots before fading on body and sometimes on caudal fin.
Adults: blue-grey with bright yellow to golden orange spots sometimes forming lines on head; Inside mouth bright orange to red; Dorsal fins bordered with black; Anal and pelvic fins tipped with black.
Large male adults: body with a uniform grey color on both dorsal and ventral sides. Fins are darker than body, with the posterior part of the dorsal and the whole caudal fins having dark spots.
Ambicoloration cases were observed in Oman sea specimens with grey-black spots distributed in both dorsal and ventral sides of the lateral, but they found mainly on the dorsal side.
Etymology
Diagramma: from Latin, diagramma = diagram, mark out by lines.
pictum: from Latin, pingo = I paint, having been decorated, painted, portrayed.
Original description: Perca picta Thunberg, 1792 - Type locality: Nagazaki, Japan.
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Socotra, Persian Gulf and Mozambique Channel east to Philippines and Fiji, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to southern Indonesia and New Caledonia.
Biology
Typically found solitary or in groups, often in turbid water, on open muddy, sandy or silty substrates in protected bays or estuaries, around rock outcrops, wreckage and debris. Also in shallow coastal areas and coral reefs. Juveniles are found in weedy areas. Feeds on benthic invertebrates and fishes. Reportedly ciguatoxic in some areas. Marketed fresh and frozen. Distinct pairing during breeding.
Similar species
Diagramma labiosum (Macleay, 1883) - Reported from Northern Australia and southern New Guinea.
Diagramma punctatum (Cuvier, 1830) - Reported from Red Sea endemic.
Equetus punctatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Reported from Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), and Bahamas to the Antilles and Yucatan (Mexico) to Brazil. The adult of this species look like of juveniles of Diagramma pictum.
Macolor macularis (Fowler, 1931) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here). Juveniles of this species look like juveniles of Diagramma pictum.
Macolor niger (Forsskål, 1775) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here). Juveniles of this species look like juveniles of Diagramma pictum.
Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus (Cuvier, 1830) - Reported from New Caledonia - Link to the species (here). It is grey to brown with numerous yellow to orange spots on the body, dorsal fin and anal fin. Juveniles have orange and grey-blue lines on the head and body that break into spots as a fish ages. The caudal fin usually has a dusky ventral margin.
Plectorhinchus chrysotaenia (Bleeker, 1855) - Reported from New Caledonia.