HYMENOCERA PICTA - (DANA, 1852)
Picture courtesy of : Gloup Noumea
Arthropoda (Phylum) > Crustacea (Subphylum) > Multicrustacea (Superclass) > Malacostraca (Class) > Eumalacostraca (Subclass) > Eucarida (Superorder) > Decapoda (Order) > Pleocyemata (Suborder) > Caridea (Infraorder) > Palaemonoidea (Superfamily) > Palaemonidae (Family) > Hymenocera (Genus)
Crevette arlequin, Harlequin shrimp, Elegant coral shrimp, Painted dancing shrimp, Harlekingarnelen, Camarón arlequín, Gamba arlequinada, Gambero Arlecchino,
Crevette arlequin, Harlequin shrimp, Elegant coral shrimp, Painted dancing shrimp, Harlekingarnelen, Camarón arlequín, Gamba arlequinada, Gambero Arlecchino,
Description
La crevette arlequin a le corps de couleur crème à blanc avec de grandes taches bleues à marron clair cerclées de bleu foncé. Ses pattes sont rayées de bandes horizontales marron foncé et blanches. Ses deux appendices avant sont aplatis, fins et bosselés avec une petite pince aux extrémités. Ses antennes sont plates et larges. Sa queue forme un trapèze avec deux taches bleues à l'extrémité. La femelle est plus grande que le mâle. Taille adulte : 3.0 cm - 6.0 cm. Profondeur : 1 - 30 m.
La crevette arlequin a le corps de couleur crème à blanc avec de grandes taches bleues à marron clair cerclées de bleu foncé. Ses pattes sont rayées de bandes horizontales marron foncé et blanches. Ses deux appendices avant sont aplatis, fins et bosselés avec une petite pince aux extrémités. Ses antennes sont plates et larges. Sa queue forme un trapèze avec deux taches bleues à l'extrémité. La femelle est plus grande que le mâle. Taille adulte : 3.0 cm - 6.0 cm. Profondeur : 1 - 30 m.
Eymologie
Hymenocera : du Grec, hymen = membrane + du Grec, keros = cornes, antennes.
picta : du Latin, pingo = de peindre, orner, enluminer.
Description originale : Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852.
Hymenocera : du Grec, hymen = membrane + du Grec, keros = cornes, antennes.
picta : du Latin, pingo = de peindre, orner, enluminer.
Description originale : Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852.
Distribution
Mer Rouge, océan Indien, Indo-Pacifique. Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Mer Rouge, océan Indien, Indo-Pacifique. Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Biologie
Ces crevettes vivent proches des récifs coralliens ou des fonds sablo-vaseux souvent en couple ou parfois seul. La femelle est généralement plus grosse que le mâle. Elles se nourrissent principalement d'étoiles de mer dont la couronne du Christ Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758). Elles peuvent aussi acquérir des toxines de sa proie (l'étoile de mer) qui les rendent désagréables et potentiellement dangereuses pour les prédateurs.
Ces crevettes vivent proches des récifs coralliens ou des fonds sablo-vaseux souvent en couple ou parfois seul. La femelle est généralement plus grosse que le mâle. Elles se nourrissent principalement d'étoiles de mer dont la couronne du Christ Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758). Elles peuvent aussi acquérir des toxines de sa proie (l'étoile de mer) qui les rendent désagréables et potentiellement dangereuses pour les prédateurs.
Synonymes
Hymenocera elegans Heller, 1861)
Hymenocera elegans (Heller, 1862)
Hymenocera latreillii (Sharp, 1893)
Hymenocera elegans Heller, 1861)
Hymenocera elegans (Heller, 1862)
Hymenocera latreillii (Sharp, 1893)
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Description
The Hymenocera, or Harlequin shrimp, is usually cream colored or white with occasional spots. Around the Pacific Ocean, many of these shrimp will have red spots while the Indian Ocean shrimp typically have purple spots while its close cousin, the Hawaiian H. picta, has purple and red spots off of their body, the shrimp have two walking legs on each side and large claws, or cheliped. The claws and eyes appear to look flattened and thin. On its head the shrimp have "petal-like sensory antennules" to smell out their prey. Their body usually reaches up to 6 cm, and the male is just a little bit smaller than the female. Depth range: 1 - 30 m.
Etymology
Hymenocera: from Greek, hymen = mucous membrane + from Greek, keros = horne, antenna.
picta: from Latin, pingo = to paint.
Original description: Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852.
The Hymenocera, or Harlequin shrimp, is usually cream colored or white with occasional spots. Around the Pacific Ocean, many of these shrimp will have red spots while the Indian Ocean shrimp typically have purple spots while its close cousin, the Hawaiian H. picta, has purple and red spots off of their body, the shrimp have two walking legs on each side and large claws, or cheliped. The claws and eyes appear to look flattened and thin. On its head the shrimp have "petal-like sensory antennules" to smell out their prey. Their body usually reaches up to 6 cm, and the male is just a little bit smaller than the female. Depth range: 1 - 30 m.
Etymology
Hymenocera: from Greek, hymen = mucous membrane + from Greek, keros = horne, antenna.
picta: from Latin, pingo = to paint.
Original description: Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852.
Distribution
Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Indo-Pacific. Reported from New Caledonia.
Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Indo-Pacific. Reported from New Caledonia.
Biology
Found below the intertidal zone on coral reefs up to 30 m but are very rare because of the changing coral reefs.
Harlequin shrimp's only source of nutrition comes from starfish like the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758). They are very skilled at flipping over the slow starfish on its back, and eating the tube feet and soft tissues until it reaches the central disk. They, usually one female and one male, use their claws to pierce the tough skin and feeding legs to help them maneuver the starfish. Sometimes the starfish will shed the arm that the shrimp attacked and regrow (the shrimp can then re eat it), but it is usually too wounded to regrow. They may also feed on sea urchins, because they have tube feet as well, but that is rare and only if they're very hungry.
The female produces between 100 to 5,000 eggs per season depending on environmental factors." The male and female are often seen together in the wild and work together to not only reproduce but also eat food.
Found below the intertidal zone on coral reefs up to 30 m but are very rare because of the changing coral reefs.
Harlequin shrimp's only source of nutrition comes from starfish like the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758). They are very skilled at flipping over the slow starfish on its back, and eating the tube feet and soft tissues until it reaches the central disk. They, usually one female and one male, use their claws to pierce the tough skin and feeding legs to help them maneuver the starfish. Sometimes the starfish will shed the arm that the shrimp attacked and regrow (the shrimp can then re eat it), but it is usually too wounded to regrow. They may also feed on sea urchins, because they have tube feet as well, but that is rare and only if they're very hungry.
The female produces between 100 to 5,000 eggs per season depending on environmental factors." The male and female are often seen together in the wild and work together to not only reproduce but also eat food.