TRACHYRHAMPHUS BICOARCTATUS - (BLEEKER, 1857)
Actinopterygii (Gigaclass) > Actinopteri (Class) > Teleostei (Subclass) > Syngnathiformes (Order) > Syngnathoidei (Suborder) > Syngnathidae (Family) > Syngnathinae (Subfamily) > Trachyrhamphus (Genus)
Bend stick pipefish, Bent stick pipefish, Bentstick pipefish, Chocolate pipefish, Double-ended pipefish, Ringed pipefish, Short-tailed pipefish, Stick pipefish, Syngnathe courbé, Syngnathe à deux points,
Cet individu mesurait environs 10cm et a été photographié à marée basse sur le récif Ricaudy à Nouméa.
Description
Ce syngnathe a des bandes de couleur blanche et marron avec de minuscules taches noires, son corps serpentiforme se termine par une petite tête qui fait penser à un profil "chevalin" et un museau tubulaire. Il se propulse lentement par ondulations. Profondeur 1 - 42m. Taille adulte max. 40cm.
Distribution
Indo ouest Pacifique - Jordanie, Japon, Afrique Sud et Est, Australie Sud-Est. Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Synonymes
Ichthyocampus annulatus (MacLeay, 1878)
Ichthyocampus maculatus (Alleyne & MacLeay, 1877)
Syngnathus bicoarctatus (Bleeker, 1857)
Syngnathus brevicaudus (Castelnau, 1875)
Syngnathus zanzibarensis (Günther, 1867)
Trachyramphus bicoarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
Trachyramphus bicoarctatus (Bleeker, 1857)
Trachyrhamphus bioarctatus (Bleeker, 1857)
Yozia bicoarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
Yozia bicoarctata erythraeensis (Dollfus & Petit, 1938)
Yozia bicoarctata melanesiae (Fowler, 1945)
Yozia bioarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
Yozia compitalis (Whitley, 1950)
Yozia compitalis samaraiensis (Kähsbauer, 1970)
Yozia wakanourae (Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Ypzia bicoarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
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Description
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24-32; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 4. Brownish in color, usually with small spots on trunk.
Meristic features: D 24-32; P 15-19 (usually 16-18); trunk rings 21-24; tail rings 55-63; subdorsal rings 4.0-2.0 + 1.75-3.5 = 4.75-6.5.
Head and Body: Body slender, elongate, encased in a series of bony rings; superior trunk and tail ridges discontinuous; trunk ridge arched dorsally on subdorsal rings; inferior trunk ridge ends on anal ring; lateral trunk ridge confluent with inferior tail ridge; snout length 1.5-2.0 in head length; snout depth 5.2-11.1 in snout length; snout straight in small fish (<150 mm SL), curved in subadults-adults; median dorsal snout ridge a little elevated above nares, entire to irregularly denticulate; opercle usually with a low, complete or incomplete ridge angled upward toward gill opening; principle body ridges low, essentially entire; scutella not keeled.
Fins: Dorsal fin originates on trunk, the fin base somewhat elevated; caudal fin tiny, elongate and rounded in juveniles, but often lost, regenerated, vestigial or represented by stubby rudimentary rays in subadults-adults; pectoral fin base with no distinct ridges.
Max length : 40.0 cm. Depth range 1 - 42 m.
Colour
Colour variable from whitish, green, grey or brown to black, and either uniform, or spotted and mottled, or with light bands, often matching the substrate.
Etymology
Trachyrhamphus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, rhamphos = bill.
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to New Caledonia, north to southern Japan; Mariana Islands in Micronesia.
Biology
Inhabits subtidal lagoon and seaward reefs, usually among algae or seagrasses. Most are seen on sand and mud areas, prone to currents; usually soft bottom to about 25 m. Found singly or in pairs. In strong currents Bentstick Pipefish use their tails to grip the substrate which may lead to abrasion or loss of tail in adults. Ovoviviparous. The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail. Sometimes collected for sale in the aquarium industry or sold for use as medicine or curios.
Alimentation
Carnivore - preys on small crustaceans such as amphipods, caprellids and mysids which are sucked in through the long, tubular snout. Bentstick Pipefish raise their head and face into the water column to capture the passing zooplankton.
Reproduction
Females lay eggs that are drooded by the male in a semi-enclosed pouch under the anterior portion of the tail; pouch plates a little enlarged; pouch folds present; males likely to be brooding at 26 cm.
Larvae: Newly hatched individuals and pelagic young have 13 pairs of elongate dermal appendages on the back of the body that may aid buoyancy. Individuals up to 10 cm TL have been found amongst plankton.
Similar Species
Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus is most similar to Trachyrhamphus longirostris but can be distinguished by the length and width of its snout. Snout length 1.5-2.0 in head length and snout depth 5.2-11.1 in snout length in Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus versus snout length 1.9-2.1 in head length and snout depth 4.8-7.0 in snout length in Trachyrhamphus longirostris. Also Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus has a greater number of tail rings (55-63) than Trachyrhamphus longirostris (41-53).
Bend stick pipefish, Bent stick pipefish, Bentstick pipefish, Chocolate pipefish, Double-ended pipefish, Ringed pipefish, Short-tailed pipefish, Stick pipefish, Syngnathe courbé, Syngnathe à deux points,
Cet individu mesurait environs 10cm et a été photographié à marée basse sur le récif Ricaudy à Nouméa.
Description
Ce syngnathe a des bandes de couleur blanche et marron avec de minuscules taches noires, son corps serpentiforme se termine par une petite tête qui fait penser à un profil "chevalin" et un museau tubulaire. Il se propulse lentement par ondulations. Profondeur 1 - 42m. Taille adulte max. 40cm.
Distribution
Indo ouest Pacifique - Jordanie, Japon, Afrique Sud et Est, Australie Sud-Est. Présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Synonymes
Ichthyocampus annulatus (MacLeay, 1878)
Ichthyocampus maculatus (Alleyne & MacLeay, 1877)
Syngnathus bicoarctatus (Bleeker, 1857)
Syngnathus brevicaudus (Castelnau, 1875)
Syngnathus zanzibarensis (Günther, 1867)
Trachyramphus bicoarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
Trachyramphus bicoarctatus (Bleeker, 1857)
Trachyrhamphus bioarctatus (Bleeker, 1857)
Yozia bicoarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
Yozia bicoarctata erythraeensis (Dollfus & Petit, 1938)
Yozia bicoarctata melanesiae (Fowler, 1945)
Yozia bioarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
Yozia compitalis (Whitley, 1950)
Yozia compitalis samaraiensis (Kähsbauer, 1970)
Yozia wakanourae (Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Ypzia bicoarctata (Bleeker, 1857)
---------------------------------
Description
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24-32; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 4. Brownish in color, usually with small spots on trunk.
Meristic features: D 24-32; P 15-19 (usually 16-18); trunk rings 21-24; tail rings 55-63; subdorsal rings 4.0-2.0 + 1.75-3.5 = 4.75-6.5.
Head and Body: Body slender, elongate, encased in a series of bony rings; superior trunk and tail ridges discontinuous; trunk ridge arched dorsally on subdorsal rings; inferior trunk ridge ends on anal ring; lateral trunk ridge confluent with inferior tail ridge; snout length 1.5-2.0 in head length; snout depth 5.2-11.1 in snout length; snout straight in small fish (<150 mm SL), curved in subadults-adults; median dorsal snout ridge a little elevated above nares, entire to irregularly denticulate; opercle usually with a low, complete or incomplete ridge angled upward toward gill opening; principle body ridges low, essentially entire; scutella not keeled.
Fins: Dorsal fin originates on trunk, the fin base somewhat elevated; caudal fin tiny, elongate and rounded in juveniles, but often lost, regenerated, vestigial or represented by stubby rudimentary rays in subadults-adults; pectoral fin base with no distinct ridges.
Max length : 40.0 cm. Depth range 1 - 42 m.
Colour
Colour variable from whitish, green, grey or brown to black, and either uniform, or spotted and mottled, or with light bands, often matching the substrate.
Etymology
Trachyrhamphus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, rhamphos = bill.
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to New Caledonia, north to southern Japan; Mariana Islands in Micronesia.
Biology
Inhabits subtidal lagoon and seaward reefs, usually among algae or seagrasses. Most are seen on sand and mud areas, prone to currents; usually soft bottom to about 25 m. Found singly or in pairs. In strong currents Bentstick Pipefish use their tails to grip the substrate which may lead to abrasion or loss of tail in adults. Ovoviviparous. The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail. Sometimes collected for sale in the aquarium industry or sold for use as medicine or curios.
Alimentation
Carnivore - preys on small crustaceans such as amphipods, caprellids and mysids which are sucked in through the long, tubular snout. Bentstick Pipefish raise their head and face into the water column to capture the passing zooplankton.
Reproduction
Females lay eggs that are drooded by the male in a semi-enclosed pouch under the anterior portion of the tail; pouch plates a little enlarged; pouch folds present; males likely to be brooding at 26 cm.
Larvae: Newly hatched individuals and pelagic young have 13 pairs of elongate dermal appendages on the back of the body that may aid buoyancy. Individuals up to 10 cm TL have been found amongst plankton.
Similar Species
Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus is most similar to Trachyrhamphus longirostris but can be distinguished by the length and width of its snout. Snout length 1.5-2.0 in head length and snout depth 5.2-11.1 in snout length in Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus versus snout length 1.9-2.1 in head length and snout depth 4.8-7.0 in snout length in Trachyrhamphus longirostris. Also Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus has a greater number of tail rings (55-63) than Trachyrhamphus longirostris (41-53).